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Codex Rosarii Praedicatorum

The History of the Dominican Rosary

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Charity to offer any new information or correction to this and to any other Codex, Appendix, and/or otherwise on this Archivum. God reward you!

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Brief :

The Dominican Rosary is the Rosary most commonly known and prayed. It has 15 Central, Cardinal, and Traditional Mysteries, often prayed in three Chaplets of five Decades. The three Cardinal Chaplets are the Joyful, Sorrowful, and Glorious Mysteries, which together depict the Main Events of Jesus' Life.

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The Central 15 Mysteries of the Rosary, the Luminous Mysteries and other Mysteries of the Faith : here.

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For the Dominican Rosary, there are two main tactics : the Common Tactic and the Dominican Tactic. The Common Tactic is so called here because it is the more familiar and commonly used. Both are listed below.

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Common Tactic :

After the Sign of the Cross or Deus + in adjutorium :

Introduction (Optional) :

  1. The Apostles’ Creed.

  2. Our Father. (For our Holy Father Pope Leo / pro Summo Pontifice nostro Leone)

  3. Hail Mary. 3 times. (For a growth in Faith. ...Hope. ...Charity. / pro augmento Fidei. ...Spei. ...Caritatis.)

  4. Glory Be.

For Each Decade :

  1. Announce the Mystery.

  2. Our Father.

  3. Hail Mary. 10 times.

  4. Glory Be.

  5. The Fatima Prayer.

Conclusion :

  1. Hail, Holy Queen!

  2. V/ Pray for us, o holy Mother of God. R/ That we may be made worthy of the promises of Christ.

  3. Optional : Let us pray : O God, Whose only begotten Son, by His Life, Death, and Resurrection, hath purchased for us the rewards of eternal salvation, grant, we beseech Thee, that meditating on these Mysteries of the most holy Rosary of the Blessed Virgin Mary we may imitate what they contain and obtain what they promise through the same Christ our Lord. Amen.

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Dominican Tactic :

Dominicans pray a more ancient form of the Holy Rosary that imitates the Divine Office. Prayed in common, the contingent is split into 2 choirs (C1 and C2), and 1 person (H) will lead the recitation in general.

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The Dominicans do not necessarily pray the Fatima Prayer, but it may certainly be added as to the Common Tactic.

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Introduction : 

​H/ In the Name of the Father, + and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit. C/ Amen.

H/ Hail Mary, full of grace... C/ Holy Mary, Mother of God... Amen.

H/ O Lord, Thou wilt open my lips,

C/ And my mouth shall proclaim Thy Praise.

H/ O God, + come to mine assistance.

C/ Lord, make haste to help me.

H/ Glory to the Father and to the Son and to the Holy Spirit. C/ As it was in the beginning is now and will be forever. Amen. *Alleluia! 

 

* During Lent : Praise to Thee, Lord Jesus Christ, King of endless glory!

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The Decades :

  1. H/ Announces the Mystery. 

  2. C1/ Our Father...

  3. C2/ ...Give us this day our daily bread... Amen.

  4. C1/ Hail Mary...

  5. C2/ ...Holy Mary... Amen. 10 times.

  6. C1/ Glory to the Father...

  7. C2/ ...As it was...forever. Amen.

  8. Optional : The Fatima Prayer.

The Even Decades are prayed similarly, but C1 and C2 switch.

 

Conclusion :

  1. H/ Let us pray :

  2. C/ Hail, Holy Queen!

  3. H/ Pray for us, Queen of the Most Holy Rosary.

  4. C/ That we may be made worthy of the promises of Christ.

  5. H/ Let us pray :

  6. C/ O God, Whose only begotten Son, by His Life, Death, and Resurrection, hath purchased for us the rewards of eternal salvation, grant, we beseech Thee, that meditating on these Mysteries of the most holy Rosary of the Blessed Virgin Mary we may imitate what they contain and obtain what they promise through the same Christ our Lord. Amen.

  7. H/ May the Divine Assistance remain always with us.

  8. C/ And may the souls of the Faithfully departed, through the Mercy of God, rest in peace.

  9. H if a Priest/ And may the peace and blessing of Almighty God, the Father, + the Son, and the Holy Spirit descend upon you and remain with you forever.

  10. H if not a Priest/ And may Almighty God bless us, the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit.

  11. C/ Amen.

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Introductio :

​H/ In Nomine Patris, + et Filii, et Spiritus Sancti. C/ Amen.

H/ Ave Maria... C/ Sancta Maria... Amen.

H/ Domine, labia mea aperies,

C/ Et os meum annuntiabit Laudem Tuam.

H/ Deus + in adjutorium meum intende.

C/ Domine, ad adjuvandum me festina.

H/ Gloria Patri... C/ Sicut erat... Amen. *Alleluia! 

 

* Inclusive from Septuagesima Sunday until Holy Saturday : Laus Tibi, Domine, Rex aeternae gloriae!

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Decades :

  1. H/ Announces the Mystery. 

  2. C1/ Pater noster...

  3. C2/ ...Panem nostrum quotidianum... Amen.

  4. C1/ Ave Maria...

  5. C2/ ...Sancta Maria... Amen. 10 times.

  6. C1/ Gloria Patri...

  7. C2/ ...Sicut erat... Amen.

  8. Optional : The Fatima Prayer.

The Even Decades are prayed similarly, but C1 and C2 switch.

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Conclusio : 

  1. H/ Oremus :

  2. C/ Salve Regina!

  3. H/ Ora pro nobis, Regina Sacratissimi Rosarii.

  4. C/ Ut digni efficiamur promissionibus Christi.

  5. H/ Oremus :

  6. C/ Deus, Cujus Unigenitus, per Vitam, Mortem, et Resurrectionem Suam, nobis salutis aeternae praemia comparavit, concede quaesumus : ut haec Mysteria Sacratissimo Beatae Mariae Virginis Rosario recolentes, et imitemur quod continent, et quod promittunt assequamur. Per eumdem Christum Dominum nostrum. Amen.​​

  7. H/ Divinum Auxilium maneat semper nobiscum. C/ Amen.

  8. H/ Fidelium animae, per Misericordiam Dei, requiescant in pace. C/ Amen.

  9. H if a Priest/ Et pax et benedictio Dei omnipotentis, Patris, + et Filii, et Spiritus Sancti descendat super vos et maneat semper. C/ Amen. 

  10. H if not a Priest/ Et benedicat nos omnipotens Deus, Pater, et Filius, et Spiritus Sanctus. C/ Amen.

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Lore :

Apparition to Saint Dominic

A brief synopsis of Saint Louis de Montfort's account in The Secret of the Rosary. 

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In the year 1214, Saint Dominic was sent by the Pope to convert the Cathar heretics in Southern France. Recognizing that Divine help was needed, he withdrew into the Bouconne forest nearby, fasting and doing penance every night for three nights and to such an extent that he fell into a coma. When he woke, Mary appeared to him there, attended by three Angels, and said, "Dear Dominic, know you which Weapon the Blessed Trinity will use to reform the world?"

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Saint Dominic replied, "O my Lady, you know far better than I do, for, next to your Son Jesus Christ, you have always been the chief instrument of our salvation."

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"I want you to know that, in this kind of warfare, the battering ram has always been the Angelic Psalter which is the foundation stone of the New Testament. Therefore, if you want to reach these hardened souls and win them over to God, preach my Psalter."

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Mary also told him, "Take courage, Dominic. The fruits of your labor will be abundant. You know well how much the salvation of this people has cost my Son. He does not require the work of salvation to become useless. The remedy of so many evils will be meditation on the Mysteries of the Life, Death, and Glory of my only Son, uniting the Angelic Salutation to it, by which the great Mystery of redemption was announced to the world.... The earth shall remain barren till watered by this Heavenly dew. This devotion you are to inculcate by your preaching, as a practice most dear to my Son and to me - as a most powerful means of dissipating heresy, extinguishing vice, propagating virtue, of imploring the Divine Mercy, and of obtaining my protection. I desire that not only you, but all those who shall enter your Order, shall perpetually promote this manner of prayer. The Faithful shall obtain by it innumerable advantages and shall always find me ready to aid them in their wants. This is the precious gift which I leave you and your children." 

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Saint Dominic immediately returned from the woods, and Angels rang the bells of the Cathedral. The people in that town gathered, and storm clouds billowed and crackled overhead. The Saint preached to the people, terrified by the ominous storm. In one of the Cathedral's paintings, thrice Mary raised her arms in warning to those who would not repent. When Saint Dominic begged her for Mercy, her wrath abated. By his prayer the storm calmed, and the people listened to his preaching. Thus the people converted, prayed the Rosary, and greatly ceased their sin and heresy. 

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Saint Dominic continued to be a signpost for the Angelic Psalter, starting the Dominican Order in 1215. At one point, Jesus spoke these words to him, which summarize his ministry, passed down to us by a Franciscan scholar, Carthagena : “Dominic, I rejoice to see that you are not relying upon your wisdom and that, rather than seek the empty praise of men, you are working with great humility for the Salvation of souls. But many Priests want to preach thunderously against the worst kinds of sin at the very outset, failing to realize that, before a sick person is given bitter medicine, he needs to be prepared by being put in the right frame of mind to really benefit by it. This is why, before doing anything else, Priests should try to kindle a love of prayer in people’s hearts and especially a love of Mine Angelic Psalter. If only they would all start saying it and would really persevere, God, in His Mercy, could hardly refuse to give them His grace. So I want you to preach My Rosary.”

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Blessed Alan de la Roche wrote that Mary also appeared to Saint Dominic, telling him, “Urge people to say my Rosary, and in this way your words will bear much fruit for souls.”

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The Ministry of Blessed Alan de la Roche

Many did not heed the call to pray the Rosary, and so a threefold punishment was unhindered. In 1349 came the Black Plague. Secondly, there was an outbreak of gnosticism through the Flagellants, who, in their hatred of the body and all material, encouraged heavy penitential whipping, even to the point of death. Thirdly, the Papal Schism split the Church for forty years from 1378 to 1417. Therefore, in 1460, Jesus and Mary sent Blessed Alan de la Roche to preach the Rosary once more. By his preaching, the original fifteen Joyful, Sorrowful, and Glorious Mysteries were spread, and the Psalter, as it was known, was more frequently called the Rose-Garden, Rose-Crown, Rose-Garland, or Rosary.

 

After a life preaching about the Rosary and Marian devotion, Jesus told Blessed Alan, “See the wonderful results I have had through preaching the Holy Rosary! Thou and all those who love Our Lady ought to do the same so that, by means of this holy practice of the Rosary, you may draw all people to the real science of the virtues.”

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The Battle of Lepanto

In 1571, the Muslims of the Ottoman Empire were still jihad-ing to conquer Europe - and nearly succeeding. Vying for the remaining Western Mediterranean Sea, they conquered Cyprus with a pincer movement, enslaving hundreds of thousands of Christians, burning Churches, depopulating cities, and defiling women. The victory over Cyprus ended when the Mohammedans had prevailed in a siege against the Venetian fortress of Famagusta. The horrible stories that were told of the tortures involved were a great threat to the morale of the Christians in Europe. Their next move would be to invade Europe from the South, and there was no more Christian outpost to hinder them.

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Meanwhile, the Christians in Europe had become divided by the Protestant Revolution. They cared little for Mary and defied the Papacy. As modernity can attest, they have an indefinite disunity. Similarly, as 1571 attests, the Protestants were busy with other wars and affairs against Catholics and each other, reducing their military freedom and therefore reducing hope in Europe's survival.

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Therefore, Mary our Mother ordained that Europe’s greatest threat would be defeated by Jesus and His Holy Bride the Church, through Herself on the one hand and the Bishop of Rome on the other, whose Office, that of Christ Himself, is the principle of the Unity of the One Church on Earth, as defined by the First Vatican Council. Using His Papal influence, Pope Pius V, a Dominican, formed a Catholic Coalition between the Spanish Empire, Venice, Genoa, the Papal States, and other Italian sovereignties, which was called the Holy League. Meanwhile, Pope Pius also called on the Confraternity of the Holy Rosary in Rome to pray fervently for the upcoming naval battle.

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The battle came in the Gulf of Patras between the Greek mainland and the Peloponnesus. Command of the Holy League's fleet of 206 ships was given to John of Austria in the Holy Roman Empire. The Catholic fleet came across the Ottoman fleet on Sunday, October 7, 1571. With both sides approaching each other, the wind at first hindered the Catholics from forming their ranks. But suddenly at the right time the winds shifted to form the line. By the evening, the Muslims were defeated and left with thrice the casualties. 

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Thus Pope Pius V attributed the victory to the power of the Rosary. Not only was Rome offering their Rosaries for our Lady’s victory, but it is said that the Catholic oarsmen held Rosaries in their hands as the battle was fought on the decks. He made the anniversary of the battle, October 7, the Feast of Our Lady of Victories. Later in 1573, Pope Gregory XIII put the Feast on the 1st Sunday of October and changed its name to the Feast of the Holy Rosary. In 1671, Pope Clement X extended the Feast to all of Spain. Then, in 1716, Pope Clement XI extended the Feast to the entire Church. Finally, in 1913, Saint Pope Pius X restored the Feast to October 7 as a II Class Feast, and in 1969 it was deemed the Memorial of Our Lady of the Rosary, after the Novus Ordo Mass was propagated.

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Modern Apparitions of Mary

Our Lady has come in many apparitions to us especially in the last two centuries, including those at Lourdes, Fatima, and Akita. Brief synopses of eight of them may be found here, including the three below. In them, Mary has urged us very explicitly to pray the Rosary and do works of penance and reparation. 

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Lourdes :

On February 11th, 1858, Mary appeared eighteen times to a young French peasant named Bernadette Soubirous (SOO-bir-oo), wearing a Rosary on her right arm. Saint Bernadette was afraid at first, but the Lady smiled and motioned for her, so Bernadette took out her Rosary to pray but was paralyzed from doing so until the Mysterious and Beautiful Lady lifted up her own.

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The apparition shed light on how Mary receives our prayers to her. As Saint Bernadette prayed, Mary reciprocated, holding the same beads as Bernadette but on her own Rosary. She was silent during the Hail Marys and Our Fathers, as one listening and sinless, but joined with Bernadette on the Glory Bes. The Lady revealed how she does not only receive the prayers offered to her but even accompanies her children in them. She prays with us and for us.

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The 1800s witnessed a rising secularization in government and society. Countries that were once Catholic were turning to religious freedom and diluted Christianity, such as Deism, to solve the world's problems in the name of Reason. This ground given to the devil has contributed hugely to the misery our world endures today. Partly for this reason, Mary asked that a chapel be built in Her honor and gave us the spring of Lourdes, by which thousands have been miraculously healed. Some of these healings have been examined by non-Catholic expert scientists and proven genuine.

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Firstly, in this Apparition, Mary revealed herself as the Immaculate Conception, confirming the decree of Blessed Pope Pius IX in 1854, declaring ex cathedra that Mary was conceived without the stain of original sin and persevered in original grace until her death.

 

Secondly, Mary begged the Faithful to pray the Rosary and do penance. When asked if Mary had said anything, Saint Bernadette replied, "Yes, from time to time, she says, 'Penance, penance, penance ; pray for sinners.'" This penance, if truly interior, will not fail to express itself outwardly ; as our Lord has said, a penitential tree will bear penitential fruit, and an impenitential tree will bear impenitential fruit (cf. Mt 7.16).

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A side note : The town of Lourdes is named after a Moorish Leader named Marat who occupied Lourdes with Muslim forces, was besieged by King Charlemagne, and converted to Christianity after our Lady impressed Her Beauty upon him. When he converted, he was renamed Lorus in Latin, which became Lourdes because of French. 

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Fatima :

In general, the world continued to fall into atheism and secularism. As if a warning of worse punishments, World War I broke out over the mere assassination of the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne. War was declared between Hungary and Serbia, and, like a domino effect, country after country allied with either side until the whole world was participating.

 

Mary then struck out in May 1917 as Queen of the Holy Rosary, specifically for the town of Fatima, Portugal. The town is named after a Moorish (Muslim) princess who was captured by a Catholic knight. Amazingly, Princess Fatima fell in love with her kidnapper and converted to Catholicism. Meanwhile, the Portugal government had been secularized in 1910. 

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Three shepherd children, Lucia dos Santos (age 10) and her cousins Francisco (9) and Jacinta (7) Marto began seeing apparitions of the Angel of Portugal in the Spring of 1916. A year later on May 13, Mary herself appeared to them in the Cova da Iria, telling them to pray the Rosary for the end of the war and asking them kindly to return on the 13th day of each month.

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The children obeyed Mary, except in August when the secular government imprisoned them for the Religious controversy and threatened and bribed them to keep quiet. They had not broken any law and were released soon and came to the site as soon as they could. Mary continued to entrust them with messages of her love, urging them to pray the Rosary and make many sacrifices for poor sinners. She also prophesied the near death of the Martos and showed the children a vision of Hell, urging them to pray for souls falling into it like snowflakes. 

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Mary also foretold of a Miracle that would happen on October 13th, that she would appear as Our Lady of Mount Carmel and Our Lady of Sorrows, and that Saint Joseph and Jesus would come as well. Crowds were beginning to gather at the Cova to see the Lady and hear the messages given to the children. They besought Mary as well for many miracles, some of which were given. Donations were also collected for the construction of the Chapel that stands at the site today. On October 13th, 1917, the crowds had gathered again for Mary's last apparition there. The morning was rainy and the crowds were soaked wet, standing in slippery mud. Finally the sun came out and began to dance. Believers and skeptics alike, most near the site but some at a distance, were suddenly able to look at the sun with the naked eye and watched it dance through the sky. As it dove down, some were so filled with fright that they prostrated and confessed their sins aloud. Our Lady appeared with Saint Joseph and the Child Jesus to bless the world as she promised. When the sun stood still once again at last, every piece of clothing was miraculously dry.

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In short, Mary came to warn the world in six apparitions to repent and live lives of authentic prayer. She asked for the Consecration of Russia to her Immaculate Heart, the Five-First-Saturdays devotion of the faithful, the recitation of at least 5 decades of the Rosary daily, and for other penitential acts of reparation and sacrifice. Regarding these requests, Mary said, “If my requests are heeded, Russia will be converted, and there will be peace ; if not, Russia will spread her errors throughout the world, promoting wars and persecution of the Church ; the good will be martyred ; the Holy Father will have much to suffer ; various nations will be annihilated.”

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Thus, at Fatima, Mary made very clear:

  • “Pray the Rosary every day, in order to obtain peace for the world, and the end of [World War I]”

    • “With the Holy Rosary, we will save ourselves, we will sanctify ourselves, we will console our Lord and obtain the Salvation of many souls.” (Sister Lucia)

  • God wants to establish “devotion to my Immaculate Heart in the world.” All ought to consecrate themselves to it: countries, dioceses, priests, families, and individuals.

  • Wear the Carmelite (Brown) Scapular.

  • Pray for wayward and hell-bound souls, especially souls without anyone to pray for.

  • Do penance and reparation for the sins committed against the Sacred Heart of Jesus and Immaculate Heart of Mary.

    • Regarding penance, Sister Lucia, O.C.D., in 1943 wrote, “This is the penance which the good Lord now asketh : The sacrifice that every person hath to impose upon himself is to lead a life of justice in the observance of His Law. He requireth that this way be made known to souls. For many, thinking that the word ‘penance’ meaneth great austerities, not feeling in themselves the strength or generosity for these, lose heart and rest in a life of lukewarmth and sin.”

    • At another part : “Our Lord said to me, ‘The sacrifice required for every person is the fulfillment of his duties in life and the observance of My Law. This is the penance that I now seek and require.’”

  • Make the Five-First-Saturdays devotion:

    • “Thou at least try to console Me and announce in My Name that I promise to assist at the moment of death, with all the graces necessary for salvation, all those who, on the First Saturday of five consecutive months shall

      • confess,

      • receive Holy Communion,

      • recite five decades of the Rosary, and

      • keep Me company for fifteen minutes

        • while meditating on the fifteen Mysteries of the Rosary,

        • with the intention of making reparation to Me” (Mary to Sister Lucia in 1925 ; broken up for clarity by Faber).

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Portals : Video on the First Five Saturdays, gathered by America Needs Fatima (~30:30).

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Akita :

Our Lady struck out for Akita, Japan in 1973 in three apparitions to Sister Agnes Sasagowa, who was then a Novice with the Institute of the Handmaids of the Holy Eucharist, expressing deep sorrow and suffering, and foretelling a Chastisement, which she also describes in the Apparitions at La Salette and Kibeho. The statue of her in the Nuns' Chapel bled and wept multiple times over the course of seven years, especially from a tiny cross-shaped wound on the statue's right hand. In this apparition, Mary begs personal consecration to her Immaculate Heart and That of her Son, reparation for the sins of the world, prayers for the Pope, Bishops, and Priests, and complete personal conversion from sin and lukewarmth. 

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On October 13, 1873, her third Apparition, Mary said, "If Men do not repent and better themselves, the Father will inflict a terrible punishment on all humanity. It will be a punishment greater than the Flood, such as one has never seen before. Fire will fall from the sky and will wipe out a great part of humanity, the good as well as the bad, sparing neither Priests nor Faithful. The survivors will find themselves so desolate that they will envy the dead. The only arms which will remain for you will be the Rosary and the Sign left by my Son [perhaps the Miracle referred to at Garabandal]. Each day recite the prayers of the Rosary. With the Rosary, pray for the Pope, the Bishops, and the Priests.

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"The work of the devil will infiltrate even into the Church in such a way that one will see Cardinals opposing Cardinals, Bishops against Bishops. The Priests who venerate me will be scorned and opposed by their confreres...Churches and Altars sacked ; the Church will be full of those who accept compromises, and the demon will press many Priests and Consecrated souls to leave the service of the Lord. 

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"The demon will be especially implacable against souls consecrated to God. The thought of the loss of so many souls is the cause of my sadness. If sins increase in number and gravity, there will no longer be pardon for them."

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"...Pray very much the prayers of the Rosary. I alone am able to save you from the calamities which approach. Those who place their confidence in me will be saved." (Underlines added)

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On October 6, 2019, Sister Agnes' Guardian Angel appeared to her, saying, "Cover yourself in ashes, and please pray a Rosary of Reparation each day. Become like a child. Offer sacrifices every day!" The news came to America on the following 27th. Sister Agnes passed on to her reward on the Feast of the Assumption in 2024

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Portal : A Message from Our Lady - Akita, Japan, scribed by John Ata.

Portal : Our Lady of Akita, reconnaissance by Catholic Tradition

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Mysteries of the 3rd Millennium

For almost eight centuries, the Rosary has been almost solely used for meditation on the Fifteen Cardinal Mysteries officially promulgated by Saint Pope Pius V in 1569. ​In 2002, Saint Pope John Paul II introduced as a recommendation the Luminous Mysteries to encourage meditation on the Sacraments, especially the Most Holy Eucharist, the idea for which he developed from a similar Rosary prayed by a Layman. Revealed in His Holiness' encyclical Rosarium Virginis Mariae (The Rosary of the Virgin Mary), this new devotion became extremely common. Mostly keeping the traditional weekly cycle that had been followed before, His Holiness recommended praying the Luminous Mysteries on Thursdays and praying the Joyful Mysteries on Saturdays.

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Other cycles for the Rosary have been made since, and they are good practices as long as meditation on the original Fifteen is not neglected. For private devotion, there is a set of Hidden Mysteries for meditation on the Life of Mary and Soteriological Mysteries for meditation on the Biblical context of the Redemption of Mankind. Both can be found on this Codex by Fr. Thomas Nathe at Holy Redeemer Parish, writing in 2023.

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There also exist, though the origin is not exactly known, Eschatological Mysteries for meditation on the last days. These are popular in the German-speaking countries, to which Fr. Nathe offers an English form in the page given above. This devotion can also be found on the website below and in the Mysteries Appendix according to an older format.

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Currently, ever since the Feast of Saint Augustine (August 28), 2023, a set of Chivalrous Mysteries have been developed, which meditate on the victories of Jesus Christ over the devil and the forces of hell, especially during His public ministry. This Rosary seeks to counteract the indifference and ignorance of the reality of hell, the devil, and the demonic horde. The information thereof may be found on this Archivum of the Rosary Crusade of the Two Hearts kept by Dr. Daniel Krizan of Austria.

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